The people incorrectly called Anasazi, but the name is in the text books so we’re stuck with it, were relatively modern people living on the Mesa for several hundred years on either side of the first millennia C.E. On the other hand, their technology was about where the Mesopotamians were four or five thousand years ago. Given that, it’s amazing what beautifully designed and well constructed three and four story structures they built, complete with painted plastered walls inside and out. Their skills at dry land farming were without equal, and their pottery and basketry beyond description. So when the guides tell you that they got up and down from the cliff dwellings via crude toe and handholds, it’s got to be a lot of BS. I have no doubt that they had some very sophisticated and reasonably safe way of going up and down.